sahilrajput.com

archlinux-notes 🚀 ⚡

TODO:

Quick Links:

FYI:

Removing a program with all its subdependencies together to by pass the uninstall error by pacman (Tags: #uninstall i3wm, #remove i3wm, #delete i3wm)

It is reality in case of practising uninstalling i3-wm. You can simply run below command to fix such cases for similar uninstallation as it does with the case of i3-wm.

sudo pacman -Rsc i3-wm

Available Login Shells in manjaro-i3

cat /etc/shells
# Output:
# Pathnames of valid login shells.
# See shells(5) for details.

/bin/sh
/bin/bash
/bin/zsh
/usr/bin/zsh
/usr/bin/git-shell
/bin/rbash
/usr/bin/rbash

Fixed bug of time not syncing on system startup (and also on reboot).

Src: Answer on Reddit 

timedatectl
# Output
    Local time: Mon 2024-07-22 08:07:04 IST
           Universal time: Mon 2024-07-22 02:37:04 UTC
                 RTC time: Thu 2023-05-04 20:53:33
                Time zone: Asia/Kolkata (IST, +0530)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: inactive
          RTC in local TZ: no

Note: The NTP service in above logs is inactive and we can enable it via:

# Enable ntp service
sudo timedatectl set-ntp true

We can verify if NTP service is now active via timedatectl command now:

# The NTP service should be active now, we can verify it via:
timedatectl
# Output of timedatectl (after running sudo timedatectl set-ntp true command)
  Local time: Mon 2024-07-22 08:13:07 IST
           Universal time: Mon 2024-07-22 02:43:07 UTC
                 RTC time: Mon 2024-07-22 02:43:07
                Time zone: Asia/Kolkata (IST, +0530)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no

We can also verify it via:

systemctl status systemd-timesyncd.service

Lx appearance

Change theme in manajaro.

Default Theme: Matcha-light-sea

lxappearance

Default file manager in i3

pcmanfm

Amazing: It shows your connected pendrives and harddisks automatically (wihout manully mounting, tested with my Backup+ 3tb harddisk)

Note: You just need to simply open pcmanfm from dmenu or terminal and you’ll see your harddisk there.

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Learn: In pcmanfm, the best folder/file view is Thumbnail view (ctrl+3). To set via gui, you can go to View > Folder View Mode > Thumbnail View

Clipboard in manjaro

It is installed by default in manjaro but if you’re using archlinux then you can install it via from this AUR - clipit

Running github pages locally

You might need to create gem file because by default github repos doesn’t have but under the hood when the website is deployed; github actions installs ruby, bundler, jekyll, other necessary dependencies in the deployment pipeline.

We can generate the gem file like this:

bundle init
# insatll gems (ruby libraries)
bundle install

A Gemfile will be created by above command with following text:

# frozen_string_literal: true

source "https://rubygems.org"

# gem "rails"

We add jekyll to the project i.e, update to Gemfile is by running bundle add jekyll.

Also, you may use bundle install to install the depencies of ruby project to install ruby libraries defined in Gemfile.

Install Jekyll, source - https://stackoverflow.com/a/78101514

# Install Jekyll
bundle add jekyll

Run jekyll development server

jekyll serve --livereload

Install Jekyll on archlinux

Requirements: Ruby must be installed. (search for “Install Ruby on Archlinux” section on this page).

gem update --user-install
gem install jekyll --user-install

jekyll -v
# Output:
jekyll 4.3.3

Install Ruby on Archlinux

Source: Click here

sudo pacman -S ruby ruby-rdoc gcc make

gem update --user-install
gem install jekyll --user-install

Add below to .bashrc file:

ruby_path=".local/share/gem/ruby/3.0.0/bin/"
export PATH="$ruby_path:$PATH"

Kitty Config File (Tags: kitty)

You can open kitty config file directly by using ctrl+shift+f2 or you open with code via co .config/kitty/kitty.conf. You might need to create this file if this file doesn’t already exists there.

# Turn off the bell sound in kitty terminal when you press ESC or when pressing TAB key multiple times 
enable_audio_bell no

# set font size (1)
font_size 8.0

(1)

Install yarn

sudo pacman -S yarn

Install gromit-mpx

Github: Click here (832*)

This is really “screen annotation” or “screen drawing” app.

# install
yay -S gromit-mpx --noconfirm

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install steam

sudo pacman -S steam

# you need to run below command otherwise your pc may logout when you try to run steam
# src: https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/q41nuc/launching_a_game_from_steam_logs_me_out_of_my/
sudo pacman -R xf86-video-intel

Format pendrive as exfat

sudo pacman -S gparted

Also, exfat is a good choice for larger USB drives and when dealing with large files because FAT32 has limited functionality to store a maximum file size of 4 GB. So, exfat rocks!

sudo pacman -S exfat-utils

# check the device path via
sudo fdisk -l

# unmount
sudo umount /dev/sda1

# format the partition to exFAT
sudo mkfs.exfat /dev/sda1

# remount
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/sda1

Install flutter

pacman -S flutter

Install deno

Docs: Click here

curl -fsSL https://deno.land/x/install/install.sh | sh

# NOW ADD BELOW LINES TO YOUR .bashrc FILE
# deno
export DENO_INSTALL="/home/array/.deno"
export PATH="$DENO_INSTALL/bin:$PATH"

deno_path="/home/array/.deno"
export PATH="$ruby_path:$PATH"

Default terminal application in manjaro-i3 ?

UPDATE: 20, Nov, 2023 - I do not use urxvt and use kitty instead.

urxvt

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Check if port is used by currently running application

lsof -i :5600

Tracking screen time of apps activitywatch-bin

yay -S activitywatch-bin

# To enable this on system startup, add below line to your ~/.profile file
[ -f /usr/bin/aw-qt ] && /usr/bin/aw-qt &

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❤️ Stop using youtube-dl and use yt-dlp

yt-dlp is a command-line program that lets you easily download videos and audio from more than a thousand websites. See the list of supported sites.

Note: yt-dlp is a fork of youtube-dl that was created after the parent project became stagnant. The upstream youtube-dl[dead link 2023-09-16 ⓘ] can still be installed as youtube-dlAUR; commands on this page should still work, but check the list of differences.

pacman -S yt-dlp

# for usage, please refer - https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Yt-dlp

TOOD: Checkout some gui software as well for much better usage (refer same above archlinux page) -

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youtube-dl and ❤️ youtube-dl-gui

youtube-dl-guil:

sudo pacman -S youtube-dl

# for gui (LEARN: yay fails to install this as mentioned by a user on the AUR page - https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/youtube-dl-gui:
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/youtube-dl-gui.git
cd youtube-dl-gui
makepkg -si
# Usage:
youtube-dl-gui

install mpv player(its good player for streaming youtube videos(it internally uses youtube-dl)) and youtube-dl

yay -S mpv

❤️ ❤️ Default timeout for password asking delay for sudo commands in archlinux?

Date: 8 Oct, 2023

Tags: #diable password timeout, disable asking password on sudo, sudo password disable, timeout sudo password, delay sudo password ask

Default value = 5 (Number of minutes)

To disable password timeout, open the file /etc/sudoers by - sudoCode /etc/sudoers or sudo visudo /etc/sudoers and add below lines to the end of the file:

# ~ Sahil ~
# LEARN: Default value is 5 (in mins)
# LEARN: Value can't be a fraction i.e, 3.5
# LEARN: Setting a value less than 0 means to never ask again ever
Defaults:array timestamp_timeout=-1
## ~ Sahi ~ Don't require password for each new terminal
Defaults:array timestamp_type=global

Fix emoji fonts in i3 + manajaro

Source: Click here

sudo pacman -S noto-fonts noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts-emoji noto-fonts-extra

# Please logout and login again to take this into effect

Pipewire sound controls with commands

# install
sudo pacman -S pamixer

# to increase 5%
pamixer -i 5

# to decrease 5%
pamixer -d 5


##### Old i3 config file commands work directly in cli as well
# increase 10%
pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ +10%
# decrease 10%
pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -10%
# toggle mute/unmute
pactl set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle

Setting typematic (also mentioned in my feed)

Why?: So that navigating in vscode is a bit faster with arrow keys.

The initial delay between pressing a key and the start of repetition is called the typematic delay. The time between key repeats once repetition begins is called the typematic rate.

# set a typematic delay to 200ms and a typematic rate to 30Hz
xset r rate 360 25

# set default typematic delay to 660ms and a typematic rate to 25Hz
xset r rate

Google drive upload doesn’t work in manjaro

Tested in my current Dell - Latutude 5400 and my HP - ac179tx laptop.

Manjaro Settings, switching manjoaro kernel

# open manjaro settinsg
manjaro-settings-manager

# open kernel switcher directly
manjaro-settings-manager -m msm_kernel

Using mouse as trackpad and keyboard

yay -S remotemouse

# on mobile you can use application named `remotemouse` from PlayStore as well

Get list of apps - manjaro linux

Get a list of your apps:

ls -la /usr/share/applications

To save changes press Ctrl+O and ENTER.

sudoCode /usr/share/applications/<app-name>.desktop

Edit the .desktop file for your app(s) to read Terminal=true.

Setting google-chrome as default application with xdg-open?

Check the file .config/mimeapp.list in sahilrajput03/config repository.

Capacitor changes in .bashrc file

UPDATE: 15 May, 2023

# android studio path to environment variable (I don't remember if it were any useful or not ~Sahil)
export CAPACITOR_ANDROID_STUDIO_PATH=/usr/bin/android-studio

Setup softwares quickly (♥ _please_keep_this_post _top)

sudo pacman -S vlc obs-studio docker qbittorrent docker-compose tmux
# To make nvm accessible via cli
echo 'source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh' >> ~/.bashrc
# To make docker work
sudo systemctl enable docker.service
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo chmod 666 /var/run/docker.sock
# PLEASE REBOOT(reboot means reboot and not just logout and login) THE SYSTEM ONCE PLEASE TO BE ABLE TO GET DOCKER FUNCTIONING. src: https://stackoverflow.com/a/55911400/10012446

# IMPORTANT: Add your user to docker group so that I don't need to run `sudo chmod 666 /var/run/docker.sock` after on each system boot
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
# **NOTE**: You need logout and login so that user is added successfully to docker group
# Veify if user is added successfully to docker gropu
groups | grep docker
# OUTPUT: sys network power libvirt autologin docker lp wheel array # Here we can see the `docker` entry here now.

yay -S google-chrome skypeforlinux-stable-bin visual-studio-code-bin mongodb-compass postman-bin nvm android-studio

# First install andoid studio by running below command
android-studio
# Also add below line to your .bashrc file
export ANDROID_SDK_ROOT=$HOME/Android/Sdk
# install java/javac in system.
sudo pacman -S jre11-openjdk
java --version
# install jdk
sudo pacman -S jdk11-openjdk
javac --version

#########
#### NOTE for capacitor v5: you have to use `jdk17-openjdk` and `jre17-openjdk`
# And add below line in .bashrc to make use version 17 (this would work along with version 11 installed)
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk
#########

# Now to make `adb` and `emulator` accessible via cli, we can run below commands
sudo ln -s ~/Android/Sdk/platform-tools/adb /bin/adb
sudo ln -s ~/Android/Sdk/emulator/emulator /bin/emulator

# ♥ IMPORTANT (capacitor): If you are getting error while building an apk with capacitor `ERR_UNSUITABLE_API_INSTALLATION`, you must install sdk for Android 10 to fix it. (see screenshot help below on this page)

# Install node using .nvmrc file
nvm install

Get bios version date

sudo dmidecode

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Install cloc to show lines of code (LOC) (25 April, 2023)

pacman -S cloc

# Usage:
cloc --exclude-dir=node_modules .

# calculating lines of code by ignoring some folders and some types of languages
cloc --exclude-dir=node_modules,.vscode,android,ios,build --exclude-lang=JSON,Text,SVG,Markdown,YAML,XML,HTML ./src

image

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New version of linux released on 20 April, 2023

Source: Click here

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Fixing the No disk drives found issue in my new dell laptop (error shown in manjaro installer)

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Using red filter on archlinux

Docs: Click here

# Install
sudo pacman -S redshift

# Usage: red TEMPERATUR, e.g., red 1000, red 25000
alias red='redshift -P -O'

# Usage: redReset
redshift -x

My time wont sync with network time

Click here

// This command should start the time sync service.
systemctl start systemd-timesyncd.service

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wifi doesn’t start on boot? (manjaro problem)

sudo pacman -Syu
# restart network manager
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

install unrar to extract .rar files

Source: Click here

sudo pacman -S unrar

# extracting .rar file
unrar x ./file-path-here.rar

insatll mongodump, mongorestore, etc

yay -S mongodb-tools-bin

Installed kruler a screen ruler

sudo pacman -S kruler

install mongodb compass

yay -S mongodb-compass

Install postman on archlinux

yay -S postman-bin

is UUID of disk remains same all the time?

Source: Click here

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install ls alternate exa

sudo pacman -S exa

install keepassxc

sudo pacman -S keepassxc

You should use pacman -Syu instead of pacman -Syy

Click here

Installing manjaro

# for installing yay from aur you might face error i.e, `gcc not found` so you would need to do
sudo pacman -S base-devel
# and now using `makepkg -si` should work, Yikes!!!

install playwright on archlinux

Source: Click here

# 11 Nov, 2023: This doesn't work because it requires me to set up an venv environment first
pip install playwright

Install shotcut

sudo pacman -S shotcut

#you can also use their AppImage version and move that file to /usr/bin/ directory as well.

Install kdenlive

sudo pacman -S kdenlive

# Install ladspa for noise reduction
sudo pacman -S ladspa # may be optional, but it doesn't hurt at all

# Necessary to get "Noise supression for Noise" option in *EFFECTS* under "LADSPA Plugins" category
# hint of this package - https://www.reddit.com/r/kdenlive/comments/10sjsbw/comment/j71xna7/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3
sudo pacman -S noise-suppression-for-voice


# ----
# You can also use their AppImage version and move that file to /usr/bin/ directory as well.

install mongod on raspberry pi

Source: Click here

Date: 6 Nov, 2022

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install mongodb
sudo systemctl enable mongodb
sudo systemctl start mongodb

# Test if service is accessible from outside
nc -zv mongodb_server_ip 27017
telnet ip 27017

# Connection via cli
mongo "mongodb://mongo_server_ip:27017"

# src: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-configure-remote-access-for-mongodb-on-ubuntu-20-04
# Make databaes service accept from all ips
sudo vi /etc/mongodb.conf
# bind_ip = 127.0.0.1
# port = 27017
# from above line to below line:
bind_ip = 0.0.0.0


#uninstal
sudo apt purge mongo*

controlling mpc player speed

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install geth (aka Go ETHereum)

Source: Click here

pacman -S geth

install ganache-ui

Download AppImage simply via: https://trufflesuite.com/ganache/

sudo mv ~/Downloads/ganache-2.5.4-linux-x86_64.AppImage /usr/bin/ganache-ui

Installed xournalpp (pp means ++ i.e, xournal++)

Installed kitty terminal and made it as default termial

TIP: Open http links by ctrl+shift+click, source.

sudo pamcman -S kitty
# Now we need to set below line in i3config file:
# bindsym $mod+Return exec kitty

Add a binary to dmenu list of executables?

Simply move the binary to /usr/bin directory or you can make a symlink in the /usr/bin directory as well.

sudo ln -s /home/array/test/b.sh /usr/bin/

Install insomnia - a postman’s opensource alternative

# Download official appImage version of the release from its official page @ https://github.com/Kong/insomnia/releases/tag/core@2022.5.1
# now you can simply add this to /usr/bin directory to be available to all users.

Best mail servers linux

H-educate:

installed ngrok

yay -s ngrok

# Usage:
ngrok http 3002
# fyi: you may use `ngrokinfo` as its my alis to know about ngrok anytime.

installed skype

yay -S skypeforlinux-stable-bin

failed to update system with sudo pacman -Syyu due to oudated pgp keys?

https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/574496/504112

tldr:

pacman -Sy archlinux-keyring

# Now you can run:
sudo pacman -Syyu

Installed boomer for screen magnification

https://github.com/tsoding/boomer

yay -S boomer-git

Install upwork on archlinux

Source: Comment from aur page: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/upwork

# Downlaod '.deb' file from official upwork site coz upwork only allows to download for loggedinusers
# from: https://www.upwork.com/ab/downloads/os/linux/

gcl https://aur.archlinux.org/upwork.git
cd upwork
mv ~/Downloads/upwork_*_*.deb .
makepkg -si


# Now you need to fix the segmentation fault error
# Just make a bash function:
runUpwork (){
	cd /opt/Upwork
	air ./upwork 
}
# fyi: air my another function that runs anytihng detached from current shell, yo!!

installed lsusb

sudo pacman -S usbutils

# Usage:
lsusb

Installed epiphany

sudo pacman -S epiphany

install bun

Source1, Source2.

# Official way of installing (29 Sept, 2022)
curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash


# yay -S bun-bin
# used source1

Install flatpak

# usng os independent package managers solution to avoid building the package myself
# since flatpak is most popular among flatpack, appimage or snap, src: https://www.makeuseof.com/snap-vs-appimage-vs-flatpak/
# install flatpak
# sudo pacman -S flatpak
# Using flatpak: https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/using-flatpak.html

# Usage:
flatpak install pkg-name
## DRAWBACK: It needs lots of dependencies to dowload even for one single application to work, so not using it for anything at all till now.

Install flameshot

# archpackage is an older version i.e., version 11, https://archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/flameshot/
# and that has bug i.e., selecting any field after text element tool causes flameshot to crash.

# FIX: Install latest via:
# src: https://github.com/flameshot-org/flameshot/issues/2514
# version 12 was released on jan 15, 2022 and arch package has no update for this yet..

## USING .AppImage version of `flameshot` which is pretty insane that it doesn't require installation at all.
# I simply needed to download the `flameshot-version-here.AppImage` from https://github.com/flameshot-org/flameshot/releases
# sudo mv flameshot /usr/bin

Install handbrake vide encoder that compresses a ton

Why? https://youtu.be/WgZq6Sakcog

sudo pacman -S handbrake

# Usage
ghb
# or make alias as:
alias handbrake='ghb/'

Install texstudio

Tool to help making/editing latex files.

sudo pacman -S texstudio

Install django

sudo pacman -S python-django
# Wikipage: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Django

###### Verify if django is installed correctly and python can access it ######
# Way1: python-cli
python -m django --version
# Output: 4.0.5

# Way2: python subshell
python
# And try running below code:
import django
print(django.get_version())
# Output: 4.0.5

Starting with django: https://www.djangoproject.com/start/

Using pureftpd

A ftp server

# src: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pure-ftpd
yay -S pure-ftpd

# ALERT
# ALERT
# ALERT
# ALERT
# FYI: I was not able to set up the ftp server with this though :(

redis

sudo pacman -S redis

Take screenshot with scrot

scrot filename
# tip: filename will be created!

format c/c++/other c family languages code

pacman -S clang

# Usage:
clang-format -i myFile.c
# -i is for inplace formatting of file(replace existing file).

# Usage: (my bash function, check my .bash_function file)
clangFormatWatch myFile.c
# or you can watch for all file as well:
clangFormatWatchAll

Install gtk4 and develop apps

List of applications made using gtk: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GTK_applications

@Gitlab, @Github

sudo pacman -S gtk4

# Usage:
# Checkout my gtkmon script from `.bash_function` script for a watching service.

Install pandoc to preview markdown file

Pandoc has 25.5 K github stars. Github: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc

Try pandoc playground @ https://pandoc.org/try

sudo pacman -S pandoc

# Usage
pandoc -t plain file.md | less

# I have a function to convert markdown to htlm files locally though:

m2htm (){
	pandoc -t html "$@" > /tmp/v.htm
	echo Try opening /tmp/v.htm in your browser now!
}

# USAGE
# m2htm myFile.md

show off hacky hollywood hacking in your terminal

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUlhGpDF25E

yay -S hollywood

# Usage:
hollywood

sudo pacman -S cmatrix
# Usage:
cmatrix

yay -S no-more-secrets
# Usage
ls -l | nms
# You can do sneakers with this as well:
sneakers

Some websites:

  1. https://hackertyper.net/
  2. http://geektyper.com/
  3. https://geekprank.com/hacker/
  4. http://fakeupdate.net/

not hide tabs in fullscreen in tor browser

Source: https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/1168777

installed yaourt

yay -S package-query

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yaourt.git
cd yaourt
makepkg -si

Installed telegram-cli-git

yay -S telegram-cli-git

Install figlet

Source: https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/figlet/

sudo pacman -S figlet

# Usage:
figlet I am superman!
# Output:
#  ___                                                                     _
# |_ _|   __ _ _ __ ___    ___ _   _ _ __   ___ _ __ _ __ ___   __ _ _ __ | |
#  | |   / _` | '_ ` _ \  / __| | | | '_ \ / _ \ '__| '_ ` _ \ / _` | '_ \| |
#  | |  | (_| | | | | | | \__ \ |_| | |_) |  __/ |  | | | | | | (_| | | | |_|
# |___|  \__,_|_| |_| |_| |___/\__,_| .__/ \___|_|  |_| |_| |_|\__,_|_| |_(_)
                                |_|
# It is very similar to cowsay!

Install Drakula theme for gitk - an amazing git diff viewer

Source: https://draculatheme.com/gitk

cd ~/test

git clone https://github.com/dracula/gitk.git
mkdir ~/git
cp gitk/gitk ~/git/

# Now if you use
gitk
# you'll notice beautiful drakula theme.
##FYI: I changed colors of normal git diff as well so now command line `git diff` simply looks super nice as well.
## USING gitk is super amazing with dracula and in its asthetics though.

Install tk to fix gitk

Using gitk (a gui tool for git, really good imo ~Sahil), I encountered error i.e.,

gitk
# Output: /usr/bin/gitk: line 3: exec: wish: not found.


# So I FIXED it by installing `tk`
sudo pacman -S tk
# src: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=78595

You cannot use ctrl+tab or ctrl+shift+tab to switch tmux-windows in xfce-terminal!

Source: https://superuser.com/questions/1088058/how-can-i-bind-a-key-shortcut-that-includes-a-tab

Why Flameshot?

Source: https://github.com/sahilrajput03/sahilrajput03/blob/master/README.md#why-flameshot

install prisma studio

yay -S prisma-studio-appimage

# Usage
prisma-studio

install heroku

yay -S heroku-cli
# source: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/heroku-cli
# FYI: It took a long time to install though.

Remove packages installed via aur?

# Find exact package name first from the currently installed packages list:
pacman -Q asterisk
# SHOULD RETURN THE PACKAGE NAME.

# Now remove the package
pacman -R asterik

install prgress

Helpful to know the progress of a running command say cp and mv

pacman -S progress
# src: https://github.com/Xfennec/progress

insatll gnome-characters (These are really awesome to use!!) ~updated 20 Jun, 2022

sudo pacman -S gnome-characters

Install xdotool to send key sequence to any application

sudo pacman -S xdotool
# For usage example: Refer my snippy script execution.

# Usage
xdotool key ctrl+v
# This will send ctrl+v signal to current application.

Install hub

sudo pacman -S hub


# Creating repo on github from inside a local repo
hub create
# or my alias
git create


# Set hub to use my ssh configuration by running below command
git config --global hub.protocol ssh
# FYI: ^^^^ This command simply adds below content to your `~/.gitconfig` file(NOTE: So if you already have below in your `.gitconfig` file then its nor required to do it again!)
# [hub]
#	protocol = ssh



# source: https://github.com/github/hub

.deskto files?

Where are my .desktop files installed with pacman ?

pacman -Ql | grep google-chrome.desktop
# Output:
# google-chrome /usr/share/applications/google-chrome.desktop

Source: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=243875

Q. What is a .desktop files?

A .desktop file is simply a shortcut that is used to launch application in Linux. Without the .desktop file, your application won’t show up in the Applications menu and you can’t launch it with third-party launchers such as Synapse and Albert. Source: https://www.maketecheasier.com/create-desktop-file-linux/

Q. Where are all of my .desktop files by default?

Ans. ls ~/.local/share/applications/

find your bluetooth apapter’s mac address

yay -S bluez-hcitool

# Usage
hcitool dev
# This will show you the mac address of your bluetooth adapter

hcitool scan
# This will list all bluetooth list devices available nearby

Install asterisk - ivr software

Source: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/asterisk

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/asterisk.git
cd asterisk
# do the work as guided by `emersonjr` @ https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/asterisk in comments.
makepkg -si

# IMPORTANT: Using below line in PKGBUILD file as suggested by `emersonjr` simply helps to install without any error, yikes!
sed -i 's/,5,/,10,/g' third-party/Makefile.rules

Install flux from aur

yay -S flux-bin

Install act to be able to run github actions locally

Source: https://github.com/nektos/act

yay -S act

Amazing bash script linter

Source: https://www.shellcheck.net/

install yay - a aur package manager

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
cd yay
makepkg -si

# Usage:
yay -S google-chrome
# source: https://linuxhint.com/install-google-chrome-manjaro/

insatll helm

sudo pacman -S helm

Autocomplete any alias now!!

Another article on making autocomplete functions: https://iridakos.com/programming/2018/03/01/bash-programmable-completion-tutorial

alias ke='kubectl exec -it'
complete -F _complete_alias ke

# I can autocomplete any alias now using a entry like above!! Yo!! # src: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/332522/504112
# STEPS:
#
# 1. Install `bash-complete-alias` from AUR, SRC: https://github.com/cykerway/complete-alias
yay -S bash-complete-alias
#
# 2. Install `bash-completion`
sudo pacman -S bash-completion
#
# 3. Setup file: ~/.bash_completion (or you can simply this file from your `config` repository as well), such that:
cat ~/.bash_completion
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-complete-alias/complete_alias ] ; then
        . /usr/share/bash-complete-alias/complete_alias
fi
#

install jiq

A json path finder.

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/jiq-bin.git
cd jiq-bin
makepkg -si

# Usage:
cat myjson.json | jiq
# Now you tab and . and [0],[1] syntax to navigate into the json.

install age

Src: https://github.com/FiloSottile/age

sudo pacman -S age
# binaries included: age, age-keygen

sudo pacman -S soaps
# binaries included: sops

insatll kubectx

It has both kubectx(to change context) and kubens (to change namespace) cli tools

Source: https://github.com/ahmetb/kubectx

sudo pacman -S kubectx

intall zoom

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/zoom.git
cd zoom
makepkg -si

what is busybox?

Awesome examplanation and usage details: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wWA6SvzvElU

Arch package: https://archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/busybox/

Arch wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/BusyBox

Official website: https://busybox.net/

tldr;

install yq (a jq like parser but for yaml, xml, etc)

Source: https://github.com/kislyuk/yq

sudo pacman -S yq

# Usage:
yq .apiVersion persistentvolume.yaml
# <<<outputs that property value IN JSON to stdoutput here>>>

yq .spec persistentvolume.yaml
# <<<outputs that property value IN JSON to stdoutput here>>>

# convert complete file yaml to json, using `.` selector
 yq . persistentvolume.yaml
## <<<<outputs json to stdout here>>>

# print specific property of all array items
yq .spec.template.spec.containers[].name deployment-persistent.yaml

install lolcat

sudo pacman -S lolcat

# Usage:
lolcat myFile
# Output: lovely rainbow text!

installed jq

sudo pacman -S jq
# it is a json modifying tool. (21.5k stars on github)

# Usage:
# Chek out @ https://jqplay.org/#

installed perf

System level benchamarking tool (missing semester - lecture 11)

sudo pacman -S perf

# Usage:
perf stat ls
# Source: https://www.brendangregg.com/perf.html

installed sshfs

More Tools: rsync and scp to copy files b/w host and remote server. You can refer previous experience here.

Mount remote machine path to local directory using sshfs, amazing mounting tool! sshfs uses ssh protocol to do this. Also sshfs recognises your .ssh/config file thus you can make use of aliases very well as I have used own alias for my own system.

#mout remote, #mount over ssh, #mimic remote folder, #mimic remote drive, #folder mount with ssh.

sudo pacman -S sshfs

# 4.5k stars @github: https://github.com/libfuse/sshfs

# Usage:
# Mounting:
sshfs myuser@mycomputer:/remote/path /local/path -C -p 9876

# Unmounting:
fusermount3 -u mountpoint/
Source: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/SSHFS

Example test:

mkdir one two
ls
# Output:
one  two

# Mounting remote server's directory (one) to host machine (two)
sshfs own:test/test-sshfs/one ./two

# create file in remote machine:
touch one/file1.txt
ls two/
# Output:
file1.txt

# create file in host machine:
touch two/file2.txt

ls one/
# Output:
file1.txt  file2.txt

# Unmounting
fusermount3 -u two/

installed pdflatex

sudo pacman -S textlive-most

# Usage:
pdflatex paper.tex

installed hyperfine - a benchmarking tool for linux

sudo pacman -S hyperfine

# Docs: https://github.com/sharkdp/hyperfine

# Sample usage:
hyperfine 'sleep 0.3'
hyperfine --runs 5 'sleep 0.3'

# If you want to compare the runtimes of different programs, you can pass multiple commands:
hyperfine 'hexdump file' 'xxd file'

### warmup and cold runs: https://github.com/sharkdp/hyperfine#warmup-runs-and-preparation-commands

# Warmup runs and preparation commands: For programs that perform a lot of disk I/O, the benchmarking results can be heavily influenced by disk caches and whether they are cold or warm. If you want to run the benchmark on a warm cache, you can use the -w/--warmup option to perform a certain number of program executions before the actual benchmark:
hyperfine --warmup 3 'grep -R TODO *'

# Conversely, if you want to run the benchmark for a cold cache, you can use the -p/--prepare option to run a special command before each timing run. For example, to clear harddisk caches on Linux. Conversely, if you want to run the benchmark for a cold cache, you can use the -p/--prepare option to run a special command before each timing run. For example, to clear harddisk caches on Linux, you can run
hyperfine --prepare 'sync; echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches' 'grep -R TODO *'

installed ncdu to know the disk usage of the system

sudo pacman -S ncdu

# Usage:
ncdu


#FYI: It is a similar tool to du
#FYI: du stands for `disk usage`

installed bash-git-prmpt (but not configured, coz it clutters up shell)

Source: https://github.com/magicmonty/bash-git-prompt

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/bash-git-prompt
cd bash-git-prompt
makepks -si

installed rsync

sudo pacman -S rsync
# helps to copy files to remote server, (~from missing-semester)

installed screenkey

Source: https://www.thregr.org/~wavexx/software/screenkey/

sudo pacman -S screenkey

# to run in background
nohup screenkey &

# to kill it
pkill screenkey

installed figma

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/figma-linux.git
cd figma-linux
makepkg -si

insatlled gfortran

Source: https://archlinux.org/packages/core/x86_64/gcc-fortran/

sudo pacman -S gcc-fortran

#Usage:
gfortran --version

install noisetorch

Source: https://youtu.be/WSYLWWxiD8U

Github: https://github.com/lawl/NoiseTorch

Test your supressed mic noise with this: https://webcammictest.com/check-mic.html (IMPORATNT: Remeber to choose your microphone from inside the website menu, Settings > Microphone > Choose 'NoiseTorch Microphone' from the dropdown.)

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/noisetorch.git
cd noisetorch
makepkg -si

#Usage:
noisetorch

#You might need to logout/login (or completely restart to see the Noisetorch audio in your chrome, firefox works straightaway though)

install gcloud from google cloud

# source: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/google-cloud-sdk
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/google-cloud-sdk.git
cd google-cloud-sdk
makepkg -si

insatll R language compiler

sudo pacman -S r

# Usage
R

install st

git clone st_from_AUR
cd st
makepkg -si

install gnuplot

sudo pacman -S gnuplot

Install st

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/st
cd st
makepkg -si

install gvim

sudo pacman -S gvim

install qutebrowser

Website: https://qutebrowser.org/, Github: https://github.com/qutebrowser/qutebrowser

Usage: https://qutebrowser.org/doc/help/

sudo pacman -S qutebrowser

other tiling managers

https://github.com/xmonad/xmonad (2.4k github stars)

https://github.com/baskerville/bspwm (6k github stars)

https://github.com/i3/i3 (7k github stars)

Installed bash-completion tool

FYI: It heps to show branches when you do git checkout <TAB> and I don’t konw other usefulness of this utility yet. TODO: Add more here.

pacman -S bash-completion

Installed vimgolf

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/python-vimgolf.git
makepkg -si

#source: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/python-vimgolf

Installed tldr a binary for tldr for its documentation

Source: https://archlinux.org/packages/community/any/tldr/
sudo pacman -S tldr

installed 7zz for .7z file extensions

Docs of 7z: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/p7zip

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/uasm.git
cd uasm
makepkg -si

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/7-zip
cd 7-zip
makepkg -si

# Usage:
7zz
# Extracting 7x extension file:
7zz e documentation-dump.7z

Installed todo.txt-cli

Source: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/todotxt

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/todotxt.git
cd todotxt
makepkg -si

insatlled noefetch

sudo pacman -s neofetch

# Usage:
neofetch

installed feh image viewer archlinux

sudo pacman -S feh

#Usage:
feh <image-path-here>

installed obs-studio in archlinux

sudo pacman -S obs-studio

# start with:
obs

insalled droid cam(fixed the v4l2loopback issue)

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/droidcam
cd droidcam
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U *.zst #NOTE: Install both ``droidcam`` and ``v4l2loopback`` file.

sudo modprobe v4l2loopback #this is probably activating v4l2loopback thing IMO.
# HELP:: Source: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1246096/error-installing-droidcam-in-ubuntu-20-04
# ^^ This worked for Priyam's ubuntu though.

# FYI: If you haven't restarted your sytem (complete reboot) you won't be able to see your camera option in chrome or chromium (but it'll be visible in firefox/obs-studio/other softwares though).

sudo droicam #Should simply work now!

# FYI: I DO HAVE linux-headers package installed as well: (dated: 15 feb, 2022):
sudo pacman -S linux-headers
# Source: https://archlinux.org/packages/core/x86_64/linux-headers/

Installed libreoffice in archlinux

Source: https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/libreoffice-fresh/

sudo pacman -S libreoffice-fresh

Installed tor-browser

gpg --auto-key-locate nodefault,wkd --locate-keys torbrowser@torproject.org
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/tor-browser.git
makepkg
sudo pacman -U *.zst file #Fix the filename here.

FYI:

# To install, use -i/--install (same as pacman -U pkgname-pkgver.pkg.tar.zst):
makepkg -i
# Source: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/makepkg#Usage

See default applications settings in archlinux

# I set my video player to `mpv` by removing the handbrake from the order of applications preference, and thats it!
sudoCode /usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
# So I have a line like that for `video/mp4` and `video/x-matroska` mimetype respective for .mp4 and .mkv files:
# video/mp4=mpv.desktop;vlc.desktop;
# video/x-matroska=mpv.desktop;vlc.desktop;

# now I can open video files with mpv directly using that command:
open myVideoFile.mp4
open myVideoFile.mkv

To learn what all that means, refer that screenshot:

image

Check your old time versions of packages you have insalled earlier with pacman

Source: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/103868/504112

cd /var/cache/pacman/pkg/
ls -l
# Now you can use pkg-name to install any versioned package:
pacman -U <pkg-name

installed fish

sudo pacman -S fish

Installed fzf

THIS HAS 42k stars on github. Yo!

Source: https://github.com/junegunn/fzf#fuzzy-completion-for-bash-and-zsh

HIGHLIGHTS: AMAZING article MUST READ

fzf love

ctrl+c #Cd into searched folder
ctrl+t #Search for file/folder
ctrl+r #Search command history

?? I don’t remember how I installed it lately..

Usage is pretty awesome!!

# Files under the current directory
# - You can select multiple items with TAB key
vim **<TAB>

# Files under parent directory
vim ../**<TAB>

# Files under parent directory that match `fzf`
vim ../fzf**<TAB>

# Files under your home directory
vim ~/**<TAB>


# Directories under current directory (single-selection)
cd **<TAB>

# Directories under ~/github that match `fzf`
cd ~/github/fzf**<TAB>

Installed nginx

sudo pacman -S nginx
sudo systemctl status ngingx # Shoudl show not active
sudo systemctl start nginx # To start the server

#Now you can access server via browsing:
http://localhost/ or http://127.0.0.1

# FYI: You can browse old working configs and your own docs @
- https://github.com/sahilrajput03/vanilla-clustering-with-fastify/tree/main/nginx
- https://github.com/sahilrajput03/dockerHelsinki (search for `nginx.conf` files)

#Important files and config file paths:
vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
sudoCode /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Installed ab i.e., Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool

Source: https://man.archlinux.org/man/ab.1.en

sudo pacman -S apache

#Now you have access to `ab` cli.

Installed neovim

neovim - Archwiki, neovim - Arch package.

sudo pacman -S neovim
# neovim uses your .vimrc file as well (idk, update 28 april 2022)


#### Installing on debian based (works well on ubuntu)
# 1. Download a release build from below i.e., a `.deb` file
# https://github.com/neovim/neovim/releases
wget https://github.com/neovim/neovim/releases/download/stable/nvim-linux64.deb

# 2. Install it and done!
sudo apt install ./my-package.deb



## Problems with installation on any server?
# With ubuntu all went well but cursor doesn't change to line shape coz the os doesn't support.
# With debian all went well + cursor shaping in insert mode works very good so it confirms that ubuntu lacks something that prevents cursor shaping when we go in insert mode. Yikes! DEBIAN rocks!

Installed tmux:

sudo pacman -S tmux
# Get tmux config file from: https://github.com/sahilrajput03/arch_os/blob/main/.tmux.conf

## Another tmux cheatsheet: https://gist.github.com/andreyvit/2921703

### 10 August, 2022: Respawn current pane with prefix a
# as I added below to tmuxconfig file:
# Respawn with love with `prefix a`, src: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/88393
# bind a "respawn-pane -k"


## Command to run a command in new pane ? 
# Ans. tmux split-window "echo hello;sleep 100"       ###so this will run the command in new pane, yikes!!
# src: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/152740/504112

## You can switch between sessions in tmux via: ctr+( or ctrl+) and also you can do something like `ctrl+t s` to switch using a preview as well. Yikes! Src: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32790061/switch-between-sessions-in-tmux

## Enable synchronize-panes by pressing `ctrl+t` followed by `shift+:` and next type `set synchronize-panes` on at the prompt. Now all the panes in the current window will be synced such that any thing you type will be done to all the panes. To disable synchronization: set synchronize-panes off.
#src: https://github.com/kelseyhightower/kubernetes-the-hard-way/blob/master/docs/01-prerequisites.md

# When in copy mode you accidentally selected some text using `v` or `V` but now you want to undo the select mode(deselect text), then you can press r to exit that select mode. YO!

# When in copy mode and you have selected some text, you can press o to move the cursor to the other end in the selected text. Yo!

# TODO: Good tmux blog(suggested by missing-semester): https://www.hamvocke.com/blog/a-quick-and-easy-guide-to-tmux/
# TODO: Good tmux blog (suggested by missing-semester): https://www.hamvocke.com/blog/a-guide-to-customizing-your-tmux-conf/

## You can swap a window pane with the upward pane in the upward with ctrl+t {
## You can swap a window pane with the upward pane in the downward with ctrl+t }


## You can attach to all the available tmux sessions currently alive via: ctrl+t ( or ctrl+t )

## You can use `shift+right click` to get default rightclick terminal behaviour. YO!!
# src: https://superuser.com/a/1543302/776589

# INTERESTING:
# To switch to previous active window
ctrl+t p

#Create new window (WHATS SPECIAL? *THIS CREATES TERMINAL IN SAME FOLDER, yo!)
ctrl+t n

## convert two horizontal into vertical layout
ctrl+t alt+1 # Even horizontal
ctrl+t alt+2 # Even vertical

ctrl+t alt+3 # main horizontal
ctrl+t alt+4 # main vertical
src: https://superuser.com/a/493057/776589

 Arrange panes in one of the five preset layouts: even-
            horizontal, even-vertical, main-horizontal, main-
            vertical, or tiled.



# Usage:
tmux    # Good to go now!
tmux -V # Know your tmux version.

# So, your ```bind-key``` is C-t (i.e., control+t, but otherwise it is control-b by default IMO ~sahil.)
# FYI: ```C-t C-? List of key bindings.``` (i.e., control+a control+? to open list of shortcuts, FYI: press ```q``` to exit it).

# WOW:: For selecting text from command ouput: Use ```C-a [``` to enter the ```copy mode``` and then you are in vim mode and simply use v or V and y to yank text and press ```q``` to exit. Yikes!!!
# WOW:: Use ```C-t ?``` to open the help menu in tmux and press ```q``` to exit it.
# Others:

C-t & to kill the current window
C-t x to kill the current pane
C-t <space> to change current panes to horizontal, vertical, or comple multiple adjustments.

# witching to a pane with pane numbers:
C-t q to show the pane numbers (press esc to exit that)
FYI: While the numbers are on top of panes you can switch to that pane by pressign the corresponding pane number as well.
FYI: You need to confirm killing the window with x by default but you can disable the confirmation for both pane and window by following this:  https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/30283/504112

C-t % to make new pane towards right.
C-t " to make new pane downwards.
C-t n to make a new window. # My custom hotkey.
# ALSO: Use ctrl+d to kill pane (this is a general terminal keybinding to kill any terminal though).

# Configuring tmux to start as default in any shell:
# Source: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/113768/504112

# Setting new prefix key in config doesn't work for you? (HINT: You haven't stopped your earlier tmux server, do it via ```pkill tmux``` command.
# Answer: https://superuser.com/a/1287433/776589

#Kill all tmux windows and panes ?
pkill tmux

# Opening tmux without config file:
tmux -f /dev/null # Source: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/411552/504112

Also, screen is another multi terminal managing utility but it isn’t as good and popular as tmux:

sudo pacman screen
# Usage:
screen

# screen is tmux like software but it isn't that good coz::
# Why to use tmux and not screen: https://superuser.com/a/236160/776589
# though you can use screen it works very similar to tmux but isn't very popular for some reasons though its decent but i couln't able to start screen automatically with .bashrc setup idk why!

# Now refer this blos post: https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-use-linux-screen/
# Also do use .screenrc file and add ```startup_message off``` as suggested in above article to open it without initial message.

screen -wipe # To kill the detached session.
screen -wipe <ID> # TO kill a session with a particular id (you need this command only when there are more than 1 active sessions). Src: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/94527/how-do-i-kill-all-screens/170949#170949

Installed pdf opening utility (llpp* or mupdf)

sudo pacman -S llpp

#or you can use:
sudo pacman -S mupdf #mupdf doesn't allow continuous page scrolling so llpp is a better alternative.

#Usage:
llpp/mupdf myfile.pdf

Installed auto-jump in archlinux

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/autojump.git
cd autojump
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U ./autojump-22.5.3-9-any.pkg.tar.zst

#Reading post install instructions I see it recommends to add below line:
[[ -s /etc/profile.d/autojump.sh ]] && source /etc/profile.d/autojump.sh #Making autojump work!

#Now restarting the terminal make me use it via:
j <anyRecentlyUsedFolderName>

Q. Why autojump is awesome?

Ans. Coz it also does this:

image

Installed mutt - a cli email client utility

IMPORTANT NOTICE: Starting from May 30, 2022 you need to have APP_PASSWORD to make mutt work. READ HERE

sudo pacman -S mutt

Configuring your email client help here.

Using mutt from cli form this blog post.

UPDATED: 4 Aug, 2022: Use this address to create app password. Source: Article.

Do interesting stuff with mutt:

echo I need more things and all this text goes to body. | mutt -s 'MySubject' sahilrajput03@gmail.com
# Here I am sending subject and above body to myself.

mutt -s 'MySubject' sahilrajput03@gmail.com < myFile.txt
# Here I am sending subject and body from myFile.txt to my own email.

IMPORTANT: You must enable this option in your gmail account so be able to login via mutt.

Installed crontab in archlinux

Source: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/261871/504112

Cron docs @ archlinux: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/cron

sudo pacman -Syu cronie

# enable service
systemctl enable --now cronie.service

# get status of cronjob service
systemctl status --now cronie.service

# Help of `crontab` cli tool
crontab -h
# OUTPUT
# crontab: invalid option -- 'h'
# crontab: usage error: unrecognized option
# usage:  crontab [-u user] file
#         crontab [ -u user ] [ -i ] { -e | -l | -r }
#                 (default operation is replace, per 1003.2)
#         -e      (edit user's crontab)
#         -l      (list user's crontab)
#         -r      (delete user's crontab)
#         -i      (prompt before deleting user's crontab)


# For editing cron files
# NOTE: Make sure yo have EDITOR variable set in ~/.bashrc i.e,	export EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim
crontab -e

# For viewing current cron jobs
crontab -l

# SAMPLE
@reboot sleep 60;/home/pi/Documents/skype-bot-with-heroku-webhook-for-build-notifications/skype-bot/scriptRaspiHTTPS.sh

Installed workrave in archlinux

Source: https://github.com/rcaelers/workrave

sudo pacman -S workrave

Installed hstr (hh)

A search engine for command line history

Source: AUR

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/hstr.git
cd hstr
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U hstr-x.x.x.x-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst

# Usage:
hh

FYI:

Also mcfly seems another fascinating solution for this as well, i.e., source and it github (3.5k stars WOW).

Installed zip in archlinux:

My Usage Guide in learn-bash

sudo pacman -S zip

Install yarn on archlinux

sudo pacman -S yarn

Installed vnstat - a network bandwidth and speed monitoring service

sudo pacman -s vnstat
# Read awesome docs @ https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/vnStat

# Issue using `vnstat` like permission issue then this is what u need to fix it:
# src: https://github.com/vergoh/vnstat/issues/134#issuecomment-663836557
systemctl start vnstat.service
systemctl enable vnstat.service

# Usage:
vnstat --add -i wlp3s0 #or your network card name via command: ip addr

#Fav use case:
vnstat --live

Installed any-desk

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/anydesk-bin.git
cd anydesk-bin
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U anydesk-bin-xxx.xx.tar.zst

Installed inotify-tools for inotifywait

Wow, even facebook’s watchman also uses inotifywait underneath src.

sudo pacman -S inotify-tools

# BEAUTIFUL READY MADE SCRIPT:
inotifywait -q -m -r -e close_write --exclude '.git/*' --format 'Wrote file %w%f' . # We're watching complete directory and recursively as well.
# FYI You can append ```| sh``` at the end of above command to execute the formatted message as shell commands DIRECTLY as well. (See below source link to know 1 usecase of this).
# source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/420172/10012446 ((But the problem with << this answer is that it watches over a file and when we watch over a single file like that (i.e., say `file.txt`) then %f doesn't seem to work at all IDK WHY, but it simply works if we watch over a complete directory via a . {period} )).
# FYI: %f is the filename and %w is the directory path in which the just changed file exists.

# Another way of doing it if you want to include a while loop (IMO{sahil}: its not at all necessary coz above one-liner performs all good!).
inotifywait -q -m -r -e close_write --exclude '.git/*' --format '%f' . | while read FILE; do echo "$FILE written."; done
# source: same above stackoverflow's answer.
# inotifywait has a javascript implementaion as well: https://www.npmjs.com/package/inotifywait


########################################

#1.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo helloworld
sleep 3
echo byeworld



# ~sahil: Watch over file and execute that file i.e., ```1.sh```. Inspired from a comment in answer from below stackoverflow's answer.
# The drawback of this way instead of original answer's way i.e. using `read -r` is that when the command is in the process of execution(i.e., 1.sh) inotifywait won't be able to get signal of file write event, thus this simple looking way fails to work good enough for cases like running a express's node server which runs indefinitely and one needs to kill the process and start it again on file write changes. Yikes!
while inotifywait -q -e close_write 1.sh > /dev/null; do
  ./1.sh
done




# Watch over file and execute that file i.e., ```1.sh```.
# src: https://superuser.com/a/181543/776589
# tl;dr: Since we're using `-m` (monitor) flag so our the command(./1.s) is queued and run sequentially only when the last instance completely finishes!
# The problem with this solution is that when the file is in execution phase (i.e., 1.sh) the script doesn't kill the existing running process but instead for getting it completed/exited and then only the event of running the file starts. So in simple terms it does listen to file changes even when the file (1.sh) is in execution phase but the problem is it doesn't kill the existing process and thus all write events triggered actions are queued. So such mechanish is not good for cases like running a express's node server which runs indefinitely and one needs to kill the process and start it again on file write changes. Yikes!
inotifywait -q -m -e close_write 1.sh |
while read -r filename event; do
  ./1.sh
done


# ~sahil: Watch over current directory recursively and execute ```1.sh``` file.
inotifywait -q -m -e close_write -r . |
while read -r filename event; do
  ./1.sh
done
# Note the ```-r .``` option will watch over the current directory in recursive manner.



# Usage:
inotfywait

# Docs:
man inotifywait
# github: https://github.com/inotify-tools/inotify-tools/wiki#arch-linux

# From: ```inotifywait --help```
# -e|--event <event1> [ -e|--event <event2> ... ]
# Listen for specific event(s).  If omitted, all events are listened for.

# -m|--monitor
# Keep listening for events forever or until --timeout expires. Without this option, inotifywait will exit after one event is received.

# -q|--quiet
# Print less (only print events).

# -r|--recursive
# Watch directories recursively.

# --format <fmt>
# Print using a specified printf-like format string; read the man page for more details.
# e.g., --format 'Wrote file %w%f'
# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ (TESTED ~sahil)

Install android studio ♡ ♥💕❤😘

yay -S android-studio
# Now you would need to complete installation by running
android-studio
# Also add below line to your .bashrc file
export ANDROID_SDK_ROOT=$HOME/Android/Sdk
# install java/javac in system.
sudo pacman -S jre11-openjdk
java --version
# install jdk
sudo pacman -S jdk11-openjdk
javac --version


#########
#### NOTE for capacitor v5: you have to use `jdk17-openjdk` and `jre17-openjdk`
# And add below line in .bashrc to make use version 17 (this would work along with version 11 installed)
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk
#########


# Installed on manjaro-i3 version (2 May, 2023):
# SDK Location: /home/array/Android/Sdk
# JDK Location: /opt/android-studio/jbr

# ISSUE: -bash: adb: command not found
# LEARN: adb is included in the Android SDK Platform Tools package. Download this package with the SDK Manager, which installs it at ~/Android/Sdk/platform-tools/adb
# Solution:
# sudo ln -s ~/Android/Sdk/platform-tools/adb /bin/adb
# ♥ IMPORTANT (capacitor): If you are getting error while building an apk with capacitor `ERR_UNSUITABLE_API_INSTALLATION`, you must install sdk for Android 10 to fix it. (see screenshot help below on this page)

# ISSUE: -bash: emulator: command not found
# Solution:
# sudo ln -s ~/Android/Sdk/emulator/emulator /bin/emulator

##### LEARN `emulator` cli
# List available AVDs
emulator -list-avds
# OUTPUT:
# Pixel_3_XL_API_33
# Pixel_3a_API_33_x86_64
# Pixel_4_API_33

# Run avd
emulator -avd Pixel_3a_API_33_x86_64

Getting error ⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️ like: ERR_UNSUITABLE_API_INSTALLATION when to try to build an apk using capacitor?

Also, to make a build you must have sdk for android 10, you can install it like that:

image

Setting up android environment with vscode (*Not works in the end part i.e, with vscode extension we’re not able to generate apk

builds*)

Arch’s article: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/android#SDK_packages

Permission of certificates permission denied ISSUE FIXED !! :

Installed sdkmanager in archos

Fixed as: https://stackoverflow.com/a/54273442/10012446

Vscode Extension: Android full Support helps to create fresh projects and also facilitates sdkmanager from command pallete in android studio.

https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources

Build your app from the command line @ Android Studio Docs

1. java

# install java/javac in system.
sudo pacman -S jre11-openjdk
java --version

# install jdk
sudo pacman -S jdk11-openjdk
javac --version


#########
#### NOTE for capacitor v5: you have to use `jdk17-openjdk` and `jre17-openjdk`
# And add below line in .bashrc to make use version 17 (this would work along with version 11 installed)
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk
#########

2. install platform-tools

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/android-sdk-platform-tools/
cd android-sdk-platform-tools
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U android-platform-sdk-tools-x.x.x....tar.zst

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/9210397/10012446
# that helped me to get rid of ```adb devices``` error of no-permission, Yikes!! ALSO You would need to accept the permission on this very time when you connect the device again. And it'll show the device as ```adb devices``` >> ```<device-id> device```

# You need to source /etc/profile or relogin to add the Android SDK platform tools to your path.

# For vscode's extension use the platform-tools you can define `ANDROID_SDK_ROOT` variable must be pointing to platform-tools directory.
# So add a variable entry in /etc/environment file as
ANDROID_SDK_ROOT='/opt/android-sdk'

and run so vscode get permission to read/write to /opt/android-sdk folder.
sudo chmod g+rwx /opt/android-sdk
sudo chmod o+rwx /opt/android-sdk

# and logout and login, now vscode's extension would pick right path for android-sdk and you would be able to access adb cli's tool as well. If above android-platform-sdk-tools cause issue you can simply remove and reinstall the the tools again from the sdk manager in vscode. Yikes!

Platform-tools installed @ /opt/android-sdk/platform-tools/

3. Android sdk

Installing Android 10 (API 29) from the Open SDK Manager in the vscode’s extension.

In the Android 10(API 29): Choose SDK Platform, Google APIs Intelx86 Atom_64 System Image and Sources for AndroidSDK. Also, you can choose to install Android SDK Platform-tools or ignore if you installed that from arch’s AUR before.

installed kotlin archos

sudo pacman -Syyu
sudo pacman kotlin

Official installation source,

Installed mongodb - archos

Src: 1, 2.

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/mongodb-bin.git
cd mongodb-bin
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U mongodb-bin....tar.zst

# Run mongodb server:
sudo systemctl start mongodb

# To enable mongodb service to run on system startup:
sudo systemctl enable mongodb

Set vim as editor via git instead of vi (it throws errror bcoz of that)

git config --global core.editor vim

Installed speedtest on arch

sudo pacman -S speedtest-cli
# Usage:
speedtest

Src: https://archlinux.org/packages/community/any/speedtest-cli/

Recursiveness in ls or tree

ls -R -I node_modules* -I debug* -I build* -I deps*
# Prints everything recursively (-R) and ignored patters like node_modules, build, deps. Yikes!!

tree -I 'arch_os|target|rustlings|target|node_modules'
# PRints everything recursively, src: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/47806/504112

head and tail

head -n 5 someFile #prints first 5 lines of file.
tail -n 5 someFile #prints last 5 lines of file.

Terminal - seaching previous commands ?

Type some text in terminal and press ctrl+r - Activate search mode.

Now press ctrl+r multiple times to search back in order(fyi: there’s no way to forward search, :( sad). FYI: Its not really good experience to use that. ~Sahil.

ctrl+g - Exit search mode.

Other good way to seach in previous commands in like:

history n # n is number and it give last n number of commands(including the commands you executed in current shell as well).
history 300 | grep scp | grep important$

The most amazing experience to solve this is via using hh cli tool, i.e., #see hstr in this file for help for using that.

Installed docker, docker-compose in archos

sudo pacman -S docker docker-compose

sudo systemctl enable docker.service #So that docker automatically starts on system boot.
sudo systemctl start docker
# Fix permission issue for socket i.e., ```/var/run/docker.sock``` # Source: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/how-to-fix-docker-got-permission-denied-while-trying-to-connect-to-the-docker-daemon-socket#)
sudo chmod 666 /var/run/docker.sock

# PLEASE REBOOT(reboot means reboot and not just logout and login) THE SYSTEM ONCE PLEASE TO BE ABLE TO GET DOCKER FUNCTIONING. src: https://stackoverflow.com/a/55911400/10012446

# Test if docker is running GOOD via:
sudo systemctl status docker # OR
docker info # OR
docker ps -aux

Installed postgresql in archos

sudo pacman -S postgresql
To setup the configuration now please follow @ https://github.com/sahilrajput03/learning_sql/blob/main/setup-postgres.md)

Installed Watchexec ( a program watch execution on modification, written with rust!

sudo pacman -S watchexec
# Usage: watchexec -c ./fly.sh    # -c is option for clearning screen on each run.

FYI: The problem with nodmeon -x "bash $@" was that it seemed to supress some message like when have a script like:

read -p "Enter your name" name # with nodemon it does print ""Enter your name"" which get printed when you run wihtout nodemon. So watchexec rocks!
echo $name

Installed gui interface for postgres i.e., pgadmin4

### installation via pip :)
# Browse: https://github.com/sahilrajput03/learning_sql/blob/main/Notes_pgadmin4_install.md


################# INSTALLATION VIA arch package is brocken at the moment (from a long time I guess i.e., 1 whole year)
################# sudo pacman -Syu
################# sudo pacman -S pgadmin4
################# src: https://archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/pgadmin4/

Installed qbittorrent

sudo pacman -S qbittorrent

Src

Intalled telegram-desktop

sudo pacman -Syu
sudo pacman -S telegram-desktop

ln -s file/folder .
# ^^ creates link of file/folder to current directory with same name.

unlink file/folder
# ^^ this will remove the symlink that you created earlier.

Source

Fix authentication for github co-pilot in archos

Simply install keyring: sudo pacman -S gnome-keyring ^^ this was required to make the auth with github copilot when the login with browesr happens for auth of github account.

Source: parent => child.

Installed pip on arch

sudo pacman -S python-pip

Source

Installed jupyter notebooks with pip: pip install notebook, Source.

Also if you can’t access jupyter cli binary from terminal make sure you add export PATH=$PATH:~/.local/bin to your ~/.bashrc file.

Source

Mounting my kindle/portable hdd on linux

sudo mount /dev/sdc sdc1/

sudo umount /dev/sdc #To un mount.

change root password

sudo -i passwd

insatlled sqliteman

Source: stackoverflow answer

Docs: http://sqliteman.yarpen.cz/

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/sqliteman/
cd sqliteman
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U sqliteman-1.2.2-12-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst

Installing nvm:

src: AUR

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/nvm.git
cd nvm
makepkg -s
sudo pacman -U nvm-*******-any.pkg.tar.zst
echo 'source /usr/share/nvm/init-nvm.sh' >> ~/.bashrc

# Instal node using a .nvmrc file by running where you have .nvmrc file in the current directory
nvm install

# for my slasher project
npm install -g npm@8.2.0

# Source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/33575448
# to get latest npm
nvm install-latest-npm
# or
nvm install --latest-npm

# set default version
nvm alias default 20.12.1

Insall yarn my arch setup

npm i -g yarn

Linux fun:

. --help # is same as
source --help

Define variables in arch-os

sudoCode /etc/environment
# Now add some value pairs, i.e., v1=value1 one in each line and you would be able to test them i.e., `echo $v1` once after logout/login event.
# Tip if you want to access the variables in current bash in hurry.., simply do like `. /etc/environment` to test your `/etc/environment` file in current bash shell only.

Installed dig cli tool

sudo pacman -Sy dnsutils

Source

Pushing archLinux.iso to a usb:

dd: disk dump (people also call it as disk destroyer, coz if not used correct drive it'll destroy the target drive).
man dd: to read its documentation.


dd if=Downloads/archlinux_64.iso of=/dev/sdb
# if=inputFile, of=ouputFile.
# be careful that your of (output file) i.e., if its gonna be extremely right device you want the iso file's data to be dumped off.

Why prefer pacman ?

Bcoz if you ever run pacman -Syu then all your packages installed via pacman will be updated.

Installed chromium

sudo pacman -S chromium

If you get some error then you can use sudo pacman -Syu to upgrade the system and probably the problem will be fixed as this helped me.

Update system

sudo pacman -Syu

Installed code-server via below commands (#vscode in browser, #editor in browser)

For macos, click here.

src:

# Install code-server from the AUR with plain makepkg.
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/code-server.git
cd code-server
makepkg -si
sudo systemctl enable --now code-server@$USER
# Now visit http://127.0.0.1:8080. Your password is in ~/.config/code-server/config.yaml

setting up ssh

sudo pacman -S openssh

# check the status:
sudo systemctl status sshd

#start service if above command shows ``inactive``
sudo systemctl start sshd

# now check again the status and it should be active for sure.

# to stop ssh server:
sudo systemctl stop sshd

src: https://linuxhint.com/arch_linux_ssh_server/

Ranger

Ranger shwoing images in terminal is awesome

Source: https://askubuntu.com/a/1268970/702911

# create a user specific rangerconfig file if it doesn't exist already
cp /usr/share/doc/ranger/config/rc.conf ~/ranger/

# edit config file
vi ~/ranger/rc.conf

# Then make below changes:
set preview_images true

image

Configuringranger and setting google-chrome-stable as defautl pdf viewwer:

# copy default config file of ranger to .config/ranger/rifle.conf path, so we can customise it on user basis.
ranger --copy-config=rifle

# move config folder to /home/array path becoz reading from `man rifle` command we need to have the `ranger` config folder at `/home/array` becoz we have already have set `XDG_CONFIG_HOME=/home/array` so rifle is gonna look for the config file in `/home/array/ranger/rifle.conf` path
mv /home/array/.config/ranger/ /home/array/

# modifying user config file
vi.ranger # which is aliased to below `vi ~/ranger/rifle.conf`

and now add below line where you have other pdf extension openers defined in there:

ext pdf, has google-chrome-stable,     X, flag f = google-chrome-stable "$@"

Config file of rifle not working?

Since I have set my variable XDG_CONFIG_HOME set as /home/array (see in .bashrc) to konw whey I set that varaible to that value(spoiler: to make neovim’s config work).

image

And also, from output of command: man rifle

image

so we need to run below command to fix the config folder path to make ranger and rifle work (ranger uses rifle internally to select set default program openers for different types of files):

mv /home/array/.config/ranger/ /home/array/

Installing comfortable-motion and vim-plug

Install vim-plug(a vim plugin manager): LEARN vim-plug -> https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug#example

curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs \
    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

now, add config to ~/.vimrc file i.e., code from: https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug#example.

OR tl;dr; add below code directly:

call plug#begin('~/.vim/plugged')

Plug 'yuttie/comfortable-motion.vim'
" More plugins here.

call plug#end()

IMPORTANT: Reload .vimrc and :PlugInstall to install plugins.

Disable capslock completely (ROCKS!)

Updated on: 16th April, 2022

FYI: The file /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf is backuped at config repository as well!! So you can directly copy that file to its needed location anytime to get your settings.

Stackoverflow Amazing Answer - xmodmap - remap Caps_Lock to Escape and Shift+Caps_Lock to Caps_Lock

Learn how to make sample config files from scratch from below link of arch docs: Click here

Source: Using config files of x11 @ ArchWiki

tldr;

sudoCode /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf

and add below code in the tripple backticks:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "system-keyboard"
        MatchIsKeyboard "on"
#        Option "XkbLayout" "cz,us"
#        Option "XkbModel" "pc104"
#        Option "XkbVariant" ",dvorak"
#        Option "XkbOptions" "grp:win_space_toggle"
	Option "XkbOptions" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp,caps:escape"
# Currently, I am completely disabling capslock      ^----------^
EndSection

My useful notes:

# FYI: Read all available optinos via: cat /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst
# FYI: The options should be separated by comma as you can see above^^^^^
# FYI: ctrl+alt+backspace will simly logout.

# Usefult options to see:
# terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp Ctrl+Alt+Backspace (( ~Sahil, this will logout in superfast manner without any confirmation.
# caps:escape_shifted_capslock Make Caps Lock an additional Esc, but Shift + Caps Lock is the regular Caps Lock
# caps:none            Caps Lock is disabled
# caps:escape          Make Caps Lock an additional Esc

Sending a notification with notify-send

notify-send Hello "More text here"

Enabling hibernation in archlinux

  1. LEARN: ::About What all needs to be done in order to make hibernation work when you already have a swap partition and have a entry for it in the /etc/fstab file::

One thing I remember, I needed to point the kernel to the swap partition on the kernel command line. This is described somewhere in the ArchWiki article about hibernation. There might also be changes needed in the HOOKS= line in /etc/mkinitcpio.conf, but I don’t quite remember. This will also be mentioned somewhere in the wiki article.

I occasionally have problems with hibernation depending on the kernel version. Some versions don’t work right for my PC here. I don’t think that’s the problem for you from the way you describe what’s happening, but I guess you could still try a different kernel version to check. There’s an alternative one in the package named linux-lts. You can install it in parallel to the normal linux package. You need to look up how to add a second boot menu entry for it with the boot loader you are using.

src: https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxquestions/comments/7swvyb/cannot_restore_session_after_hibernation/?utm_source=reddit-android

  1. LEARN ::About adding entry in the /etc/default/grub file:: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GRUB ^^ search for hibernation keyword and you’ll get the necessary things you need to do in file - /etc/default/grub in variable - GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.

  2. LEARN :: Reference from video: src: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xek3TGKzLWw&list=PLBfwD_NnDB3p4rM53ZxU2K6o5YZMzr6qc&index=7&t=270s